微生物培養(yǎng)基使用中常出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題匯總

發(fā)布日期：2020-01-07 11:31:48 來(lái)源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">工作中發(fā)現(xiàn)，有部分檢驗(yàn)員對(duì)培養(yǎng)基的使用存在障礙，借此機(jī)會(huì)和大家分享討論一下大家常見(jiàn)的對(duì)培養(yǎng)基存在的一些疑問(wèn)。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">1、培養(yǎng)基煮沸溶解后再高壓滅菌，還是直接高壓滅菌存在疑惑。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">拿麥康凱瓊脂舉個(gè)例子，溶解后滅菌，平板上沒(méi)有不溶的結(jié)晶紫，沒(méi)有紫色的斑點(diǎn)；相對(duì)比未溶解滅菌的，平板上有結(jié)晶紫和紫色的斑點(diǎn)。portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">所以正確的做法是先煮沸溶解后再高壓滅菌。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px"> 

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">2、培養(yǎng)基PH值為什么不在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范圍內(nèi)？

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">其實(shí)出現(xiàn)這個(gè)情況的問(wèn)題有很多種，大致我分為這么6大點(diǎn)：

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">①質(zhì)量不好（生產(chǎn)廠家出廠時(shí)portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">pH就不正確）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">②滅菌問(wèn)題（高壓滅菌溫度過(guò)高或滅菌時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，導(dǎo)致葡萄糖類焦化從而portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">pH降低）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">③保存時(shí)間（超過(guò)保質(zhì)期或結(jié)塊）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">④水質(zhì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題（可以用去離子水、純化水、蒸餾水不能用礦泉水、自來(lái)水）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">⑤保存溫度（保存溫度過(guò)高）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">⑥光線直射總結(jié)本人認(rèn)為以上6點(diǎn)都可能導(dǎo)致培養(yǎng)基portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">pH出現(xiàn)偏差，如果出現(xiàn)此類問(wèn)題，建議逐一排查，直到問(wèn)題解決。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px"> 

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">3、培養(yǎng)基高壓滅菌時(shí)為什么會(huì)焦化？

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">不少檢驗(yàn)人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過(guò)滅菌的培養(yǎng)基有焦化現(xiàn)象，我認(rèn)為引起此現(xiàn)象的主要原因有以下4點(diǎn)：

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">①可能你滅菌的時(shí)候溫度超過(guò)了121℃（正常115-116℃20min即可）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">②滅菌時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">③培養(yǎng)基在容器中裝的太多（不要超過(guò)容器容量的80%）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">④滅完菌的培養(yǎng)基在高溫環(huán)境中保存的時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，這些都會(huì)導(dǎo)致培養(yǎng)基發(fā)生焦化現(xiàn)象。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px"> 

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">4、培養(yǎng)基PH怎么測(cè)定？

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">通常分兩種情況：

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">①對(duì)于無(wú)需高壓滅菌的培養(yǎng)基，先煮沸溶解后再冷卻至25℃時(shí)，測(cè)定其portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">pH值（固體培養(yǎng)基至少測(cè)2個(gè)點(diǎn)，取其平均值）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">②對(duì)于需要高壓滅菌的培養(yǎng)基，高壓滅菌后，冷卻至25℃測(cè)其pH（固體培養(yǎng)基至少測(cè)2個(gè)點(diǎn)，取其平均值）。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px"> 

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">5、含瓊脂培養(yǎng)基在倒平板為什么有時(shí)候不凝固或凝固不好？

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">針對(duì)以上情況，我做了分析：

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">①針對(duì)需要高壓滅菌的培養(yǎng)基，倒平板時(shí)候要先搖勻（因?yàn)榄傊肿恿勘容^大，在冷卻過(guò)程中容易沉淀到底部，導(dǎo)致瓊脂分散不均勻）；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">②針對(duì)無(wú)需高壓滅菌的培養(yǎng)基，一次煮沸溶解后不能直接倒平板，應(yīng)重復(fù)煮沸溶解3-5次（因?yàn)橐淮尾荒艽_保瓊脂完全溶解）。

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px"> 

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">6、為什么同一品牌的不同批號(hào)，粉末顏色有差別？

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(241,136,35); padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">分析可能有3個(gè)原因：

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">①此培養(yǎng)基成分含有染料或指示劑；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">②不同批次粉末培養(yǎng)基含水量不同，一般要求≤6%，含水量越高，顏色越深；

portant; font-size: 16px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 宋體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-right: 0px">③加工時(shí)球磨時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)顏色越深。

portant; font-size: 12px; word-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: ; font-family: 黑體; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px">文章來(lái)源食品論壇網(wǎng)友分享，轉(zhuǎn)載僅為知識(shí)分享