皮革透氣性的測試方法

發布日期：2020-01-11 11:48:29 來源：互聯網

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">摘要： mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透氣性是影響皮革應用性能的重要因素，通常采用壓差法原理進行皮革透氣性的測試。本文以制衣用皮革為試驗樣品，利用TQD-G1 mso-fareast-font-family:宋體;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">透氣度測試儀測試其透氣性，并通過對試驗原理、設備參數及適用范圍、試驗過程等內容的介紹，為皮革類材料透氣性的測試提供參考。 mso-fareast-font-family:宋體">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">關鍵詞： mso-fareast-font-family:宋體;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">皮革，透氣性，透氣度，透氣度測試儀，壓差法 line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:宋體">

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">1 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、意義 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革廣泛應用于制作服裝、鞋、腳墊、坐墊、沙發等產品，其透氣性如何是影響產品使用舒適性的重要因素，特別是用于皮衣、皮鞋等與人體接觸的產品的皮革，若其透氣性較差，未能將人體排出的汗液、熱量及時疏散，穿著過程中很容易產生濕熱感，造成消費者不良的穿著體驗。

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革中膠原纖維的間隙是氣體及能量在皮革內外交換的孔道，皮制品生產過程中的酸堿處理、拉軟、搓紋、加脂、鞣制及涂飾等工藝會影響膠原纖維間隙的均勻性、大小及數量。因此，加強透氣性的測試可為皮制品生產工藝的調整及改善提供數據基礎，有利于提高皮制品的產品質量。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、試驗樣品 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本文以某種制衣用皮革為試驗樣品，測試其透氣性。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">3 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、試驗依據 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革透氣性的測試標準為QB/T 2799-2006 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">《皮革 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透氣性測定方法》，該標準利用壓力差測試透氣度以評估皮革的透氣性。本文依據該標準的原理進行測試。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">4 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、試驗設備 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本次試驗以TQD-G1 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透氣度測試儀為試驗設備，該設備由濟南蘭光機電技術有限公司自主研發生產。

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.1 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">試驗原理

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本設備可利用兩種不同原理測試材料的透氣性能，分別為“ mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">定壓差測流量法 "Arial","sans-serif"">” Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">與“ mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">定流量測壓差法 "Arial","sans-serif"">” Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">。前者通過調節壓力使試樣兩側形成恒定的壓差，再測定一定時間內垂直通過試樣給定面積的氣流流量，計算試樣的透氣率等參數；后者通過調節空氣的氣流，使垂直通過試樣的氣流穩定在恒定的流量，然后測試在該條件下試樣兩側壓力差，進而計算出空氣流通阻力等參數。

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mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">
圖1  TQD-G1 mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">透氣度測試儀

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.2 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">適用范圍

(1) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">適用于皮革材料的透氣度測試。

(2) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">適用于汽車內飾件材料空氣透過率與空氣阻力的測試，如聚氨酯、PVC mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、皮革、紡織品、非織造布等。

(3) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">適用于紡織品材料的透氣性測試，如布料、無紡布等。

(4) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">適用于高聚物多孔彈性材料的空氣透過率測試，如海綿等。

(5) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">還可擴展應用于紙張材料的空氣透過率測試，如日用抽紙、卷紙等。

(6) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">可滿足多項國家和國際標準，如ISO 9237 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ISO 4638 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ISO 5636 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 10655 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 5453 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 4689.22 mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 13764 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ASTM D737 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、TAPPI T460 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、JIS P8117 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、QB/T 2799 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">等。

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.3 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">設備參數

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">壓差測量范圍為0 ~ 1 KPa mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">，流量的測量范圍為 "Arial","sans-serif"">0 ~ 1800 L/h mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">；定壓差、定流量兩種測量方式供用戶自由選擇；高精度電子氣流、氣壓傳感器確保測試數據的準確性；系統采用微電腦控制、液晶顯示，搭配菜單式界面和PVC mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">控制面板，方便用戶快速地進行試驗操作及數據查看。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">5 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、試驗過程 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

(1) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">從待測的皮革樣品上裁取3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">片直徑為 "Arial","sans-serif"">5 cm Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">的試樣。

(2) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">取其中1 mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">片試樣裝夾在設備中。設備接通空氣氣源，調節壓力控制閥，調整試樣兩側的壓力差，當試樣兩側的壓力差達到設定值時，設備自動測量并記錄滲透過試樣的空氣流量。

(3) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">重復裝樣，調節壓力操作，直至3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">片試樣均完成測試。 "Arial","sans-serif"">

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">6 line-height:150%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、試驗結果 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本次試驗測得透過3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">個試樣的空氣流量的算術平均值為15.41 mL/min mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">，試樣的測試面積為 "Arial","sans-serif"">8.04 cm² mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，故所測試的皮革樣品的透氣度為115 mL/(cm²·h) Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">。

7 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、結論

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透氣度是皮革的重要指標參數，該指標的優劣與皮革制品的應用性能息息相關。本文依據壓力差原理，利用TQD-G1 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透氣度測試儀測試了一種皮革樣品的透氣性能，試驗過程簡單，用時短，試驗效率高，設備易于操作。與傳統的皮革透氣性測試儀相比，本次試驗人為因素對試驗結果干擾少，無需手動控制秒表讀數，智能化程度高，試驗結果更為精準可靠。濟南蘭光機電技術有限公司是一家專業從事包裝檢測設備研發生產與包裝檢測服務的高新技術企業，始終致力于為客戶提供高端、智能、精準、高效的包裝材料檢測設備，現有設備已應用于食品、醫藥、包裝與印刷、日化用品、汽車等多個行業及高校、科研院所及第三方檢測機構等領域。了解檢測設備信息，可登陸濟南蘭光公司網站查看具體信息或致電0531-85068566 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">咨詢。愈了解，愈信任！Labthink 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">蘭光期待與行業中的企事業單位增進技術溝通與合作。